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| title | layout | author | excerpt_separator |
|---|---|---|---|
| More numbers — and adjectives | post | Marvin Johanning | <!--more--> |
Tagalog Diary — 2022-04-30
Magandang umaga! I did, unfortunately, not really have a lot of time to study Tagalog, mostly due to the fact that I had to work again and also study for my final exam which is in just a couple of days. And going through some old exams, I found out that our school failed to teach us a lot of things; and therefore, I am trying to learn these things on my own now.
Nevertheless, as it is now Saturday and I do have more time on my hand — as I do not have to work —, I will try to study both a little bit of Tagalog and study for my exam as well. Tara na!
Colours
- Word root
- Infix or root repetition
- Prefix
- Suffix
- Connecting particle
Tasks
- Watch the second video about numbers
- Finish lesson 22 (20-21 were the video lessons on numbers)
- Learn some more vocabulary
- Speak / write a bit
- Take the sixth assessment test
Interesting new words or expressions
- umulan
- a verb which means “to rain”
- a normal -um- verb
- But as the root starts with a vowel, the -um- infix turns into an um- prefix.
- palagi
- “always”
- minsan
- “sometimes”
- kwarto
- “room”
- This word was not actually part of the lesson itself, but it was in the lesson notes and I thought it was good to know
What was most difficult?
The most difficult part was most definitely learning all the numbers; and whilst I have definitely gotten better at them, I still don’t really know them well whatsoever.
What was learnt or done?
As mentioned in the introduction, I spent most of my studying time today on learning for my final exam. However, as it is Saturday — and I have some times on my hand —, I also had time to study a bit of Tagalog.
Number time — once more!
First, let us talk about the video lesson: it taught the numbers from 20 through 999 and they were all rather straightforward. They are formed in a manner similar to how the numbers 10 - 19 are formed, namely by taking the base number, adding a connector word, adding -pu and then adding at (“and”) and another number; the connecting particle is either -ng or na, depending on whether the number ends on a vowel or consonant; however there are two things to know: firstly, if the letter “p” follows the connector, then it turns into -m-; and if the vowel preceding the connector -ng is an “o”, then this vowel is changed to “u”. Here is a table with the numbers 20 through 100: —
| English | Tagalog |
|---|---|
| twenty | dalawampu |
| thirty | tatlumpu |
| forty | apatnapu |
| fifty | limampu |
| sixty | animnapu |
| seventy | pitlumpu |
| eighty | walumpu |
| ninety | siyamnapu |
| hundred | daan |
Note that the numbers tatlo (three), pitlo (seven) and walo (eight) all change their final vowel to -u.
Saying things such as “twenty-two” or “thirty-eight” can be done, as previously discussed, by adding at and the base number. However, at is shortened to simply ’t after vowels. Therefore, twenty-two turns into dalawampu’t dalawa and thirty-eight into tutlumpu’t walo.
Time for some adjectives
The other lesson I went through today taught the usage of adjectives. I have already learnt about those, so the lesson did not really contain a lot of new information for me. I will, however, shortly recap the two manners in which adjectives can be used: —
- “The coffee is hot” ↪ “Mainit ang kape”
- “Hot coffee” ↪ “Mainit na kape”
Thus, if you want to simply state that the coffee is hot, the formula adjective + “ang” + noun is used; for applying the adjective directly to a noun (“warm day”, “hot coffee” etc.), the pattern adjective + “na” + noun is used. Once more, it is important to note that na turns into -ng after a vowel.