Add more chapters
Marvin Johanning
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url = "http://digitalcollections.nypl.org/items/510d47d9-5a3f-a3d9-e040-e00a18064a99",
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publisher = "General Research Division, The New York Public Library."
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}
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@book{scotthiero,
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author = "Scott-Moncrieff, Philip David",
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title = "Hieroglyphic Texts from Egyptian Stelae, \&c.",
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year = "1911",
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publisher = "British Museum. Dept. of Egyptian Antiquities;"
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}
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%%%%%%%%%% Packages %%%%%%%%%%
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\usepackage[outer=2cm, inner=2cm, bottom=2.5cm]{geometry}
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\usepackage[super]{nth}
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\usepackage[bottom]{footmisc}
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\usepackage{hiero}
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\usepackage{egypto}
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@ -609,14 +610,49 @@ info@marvinjohanning.de
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\end{hieroglyph}
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\newline
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\textit{rnpt 4 \xHiero r \HHiero m (n)swt-bjtj jnj-jt.f}
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\newline
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\parencite[p. 116]{scotthiero}
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\end{quote}
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The translation of this would be as follows: “The (regnal) year 4 under (the rule of) his Majesty, the King of Upper and Lower Egypt (Dual King), Intef”. Note, however, that the word “counting” (as in “year of counting”) has been left out in this particular inscription. The name Intef also contains the somewhat common trilateral hieroglyphic sign \begin{hieroglyph}ini\end{hieroglyph} (jnj).
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Let us now take a look at a few more inscriptions with years that will also teach you a few more names.
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In the following inscription — which, again, has been shortened slightly so that we can focus on what we are learning about — the \nth{24} year under the reign of Nimaatre is mentioned: —
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\begin{quote}
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\begin{hieroglyph}
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M4-t:O50-10:10-(Z1-Z1-Z1):(Z1-Z1)-x:r-Hm-Z1-..-< ra:n-U5:a:t >
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\end{hieroglyph}
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\newline
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\textit{rnpt-\HHiero sb 24 \xHiero r \HHiero n(j)-m\AHiero \aHiero t-r\aHiero}
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\parencite[p. 22]{scotthiero}
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\end{quote}
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\begin{hieroglyph}< ra:n-U5:a:t >\end{hieroglyph} is the Prænomen of the Pharaoh Amenemhet III. (for more information on the names of the king, please read the chapter “The Pharaoh’s Names, his Titles and Honorific Transposition” on page ENTER PAGE HERE).
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\chapter*{Not writing sounds}
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\markboth{Not writing sounds}{Not writing sounds}
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\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{Not writing sounds}
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It occurs rather frequently that the Egyptians only partly wrote a word. Let us, for instance, take another look at the first part of the inscription on page \pageref{fig:2}: \begin{hieroglyph}di-t:Htp-sw\end{hieroglyph}. This is transcribed as \textit{ḥtp-ḏj-nswt}; yet, only \textit{ḥtp-ḏj-swt} is what is actually written down. There are several reasons for doing this. Adding another phonetic symbol — in this case an \textit{n} — may result in a rather unwieldy-looking word\footnote{Here is an example of what that would look like \begin{hieroglyph}di-Htp-t:n-sw\end{hieroglyph}} — something to be avoided, since the Egyptians placed a lot of value on structuring a text in a pleasing manner.
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Therefore, simply leaving out one or two phonetic symbols is not a big deal, especially considering that, with the help of determinatives, understanding a word without all its phonetic components written out is not too difficult; this is especially true for commonly used formulæ such as this. The other parts of this formula — \textit{ḥtp and ḏj} — are also not written completely.
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\part*{The Pharaoh’s Names, his Titles and Honorific Transposition}
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\markboth{The Pharaoh’s Names, his Titles and Honorific Transposition}{The Pharaoh’s Names, his Titles and Honorific Transposition}
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\addcontentsline{toc}{part}{The Pharaoh’s Names, his Titles and Honorific Transposition}
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Now that we have covered the fundamentals of hieroglyphic writing, we have gained the ability to read the names of a lot of Pharaohs — just as Champollion did. Unlike him, however, we already have a good basic understanding of hieroglyphic writing and reading a few names should thus be less difficult for us than it was for him. Before we start our attempt at transliterating a few names, however, we should first be aware of a few of the quirks regarding Ancient Egyptian names — especially those of the king.
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Let us begin by mentioning that every single one of the Egyptian names — be they royal or civil — have a meaning; I am pointing this out since many people nowadays, especially those living in the West, are unaware of the meanings of their name or are simply oblivious of the fact that their name having a meaning to begin with. The most common practice in Ancient Egypt was to take the name of a god — such as that of the god Amun (i) — and pre- or append other words or expressions. Naming people after gods is actually not a foreign practice in the modern world either. If you, for instance, look at the names of many Indians, you will find that a large number of them is named after a god; examples for this include names such as “Vishnu” or “Ganesh(a)” — and the Egyptians did likewise.
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Let us once more take a brief look at the name of Tutankhamun: (jmn-twt-ꜥnḫ ḥqꜣ-jwnw-šmꜥ). As you may have already realised, his name also includes the name of a deity, namely Amun; the entirety of his name thus, with all added expressions included, literally translates as “Living image of Amun1”. Something you may not have realised, however, is the fact we say his name as Tutankhamun even though it is actually spelt as “Amuntutankh”. The reason behind doing this is as follow: if a phrase or expression (or name) features the name of a god or that of a king — or simply the words for “god” () or “king” () themselves —, then said royal or divine name is positioned at the beginning of the phrase or expression, regardless of whether placing it there is actually grammatically correct. Thus, if you were to read Tutankhamun’s name the way it was actually written — Amuntutankh — it would have a rather odd-sounding translation. We can therefore assume that it must have been pronounced as Tutankhamun. The practice of placing the name of a divine being or that of a king — or simply the words for “god” and “king” themselves — at the beginning of an expression, regardless of whether this would be grammatically correct, is known as “honorific transposition”. This is done in order to show reverence, i.e. to show proper respect towards
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%%% APPENDIX %%%
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\part*{Appendix}
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\markboth{Appendix}{Appendix}
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\addcontentsline{toc}{part}{Appendix}
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\chapter*{List of bilateral hieroglyphs}
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\markboth{List of bilateral hieroglyphs}{List of bilateral hieroglyphs}
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\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{List of bilateral hieroglyphs}
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\abx@aux@cite{scotthiero}
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\abx@aux@cite{scotthiero}
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\abx@aux@refcontextdefaultsdone
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\abx@aux@defaultrefcontext{0}{lettre}{nyt/global//global/global}
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\abx@aux@defaultrefcontext{0}{lostlanguages}{nyt/global//global/global}
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\abx@aux@defaultrefcontext{0}{scotthiero}{nyt/global//global/global}
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\abx@aux@defaultrefcontext{0}{wahshiyya}{nyt/global//global/global}
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@ -102,6 +102,33 @@
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\field{title}{Lost Languages: The Engima of the World's Undeciphered Scripts}
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\field{year}{2009}
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\endentry
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\entry{scotthiero}{book}{}
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\name{author}{1}{}{%
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{{un=0,uniquepart=base,hash=12586616ef674d63c94f6791d3dc03d7}{%
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family={Scott-Moncrieff},
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familyi={S\bibinithyphendelim M\bibinitperiod},
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given={Philip\bibnamedelima David},
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giveni={P\bibinitperiod\bibinitdelim D\bibinitperiod},
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givenun=0}}%
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}
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\list{publisher}{1}{%
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{British Museum. Dept. of Egyptian Antiquities;}%
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}
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\field{title}{Hieroglyphic Texts from Egyptian Stelae, \&c.}
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\field{year}{1911}
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\endentry
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\entry{wahshiyya}{book}{}
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\name{author}{1}{}{%
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<bcf:citekey order="12">NYC:Ernst_Grab54</bcf:citekey>
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<bcf:citekey order="13">NYC:Ernst_Ptolost</bcf:citekey>
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<bcf:citekey order="14">NYC:Ernst_Ptolost</bcf:citekey>
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<bcf:citekey order="15">scotthiero</bcf:citekey>
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<bcf:citekey order="16">scotthiero</bcf:citekey>
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</bcf:section>
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[0] Config.pm:304> INFO - This is Biber 2.14
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[0] Config.pm:307> INFO - Logfile is 'intricacies_hiero.blg'
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[72] biber:322> INFO - === Sa Dez 26, 2020, 21:51:48
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[82] biber:322> INFO - === Sa Jan 2, 2021, 14:54:19
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[]\TU/LinLibertine(0)/m/n/10.95 Trilaterals are, thus, those hieroglyphs that r
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[]\TU/LinLibertine(0)/m/n/10.95 English-speakers might call it “power button”,
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[] []|\TU/LinLibertine(0)/m/n/10.95 , []|. Originally, these two signs would h
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\TU/LinLibertine(0)/m/n/10.95 that were possible; Ancient Egyptian spelling was
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\TU/LinLibertine(0)/m/n/10.95 year of inauguration of the then
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@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
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%%%%%%%%%% Packages %%%%%%%%%%
|
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\usepackage[outer=2cm, inner=2cm, bottom=2.5cm]{geometry}
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\usepackage[super]{nth}
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\usepackage[bottom]{footmisc}
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\usepackage{hiero}
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\usepackage{egypto}
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@ -737,14 +738,64 @@ info@marvinjohanning.de
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}\end{hieroglyph}
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\newline
|
||||
\textit{rnpt 4 \xHiero r \HHiero m (n)swt-bjtj jnj-jt.f}
|
||||
\newline
|
||||
\parencite[p. 116]{scotthiero}
|
||||
\end{quote}
|
||||
|
||||
The translation of this would be as follows: “The (regnal) year 4 under (the rule of) his Majesty, the King of Upper and Lower Egypt (Dual King), Intef”. Note, however, that the word “counting” (as in “year of counting”) has been left out in this particular inscription. The name Intef also contains the somewhat common trilateral hieroglyphic sign \begin{hieroglyph}{\leavevmode \loneSign{\Aca GW/58/}}\end{hieroglyph} (jnj).
|
||||
Let us now take a look at a few more inscriptions with years that will also teach you a few more names.
|
||||
|
||||
In the following inscription — which, again, has been shortened slightly so that we can focus on what we are learning about — the \nth{24} year under the reign of Nimaatre is mentioned: —
|
||||
|
||||
\begin{quote}
|
||||
\begin{hieroglyph}{\leavevmode \loneSign{\Aca GM/35/}\HinterSignsSpace
|
||||
\Cadrat{\CadratLineI{\Aca GX/32/}\CadratLine{\Aca GO/81/}}\HinterSignsSpace
|
||||
\Cadrat{\CadratLineI{\Aca GV/51/}\CadratLine{\Aca GV/51/}}\HinterSignsSpace
|
||||
\Cadrat{\CadratLineI{\Aca GZ/32/\hfill\Aca GZ/32/\hfill\Aca GZ/32/}\CadratLine{\Aca GZ/32/\hfill\Aca GZ/32/}}\HinterSignsSpace
|
||||
\Cadrat{\CadratLineI{\Aca GAa/32/}\CadratLine{\Aca GD/52/}}\HinterSignsSpace
|
||||
\loneSign{\Aca GU/70/}\HinterSignsSpace
|
||||
\loneSign{\Aca GZ/32/}\HinterSignsSpace
|
||||
\HfullSpace \HinterSignsSpace
|
||||
\cartouche{\Cadrat{\CadratLineI{\Aca GN/36/}\CadratLine{\Aca GN/66/}}\HinterSignsSpace
|
||||
\Cadrat{\CadratLineI{\Aca GU/36/}\CadratLine{\Aca GD/69/}\CadratLine{\Aca GX/32/}}}%
|
||||
}\end{hieroglyph}
|
||||
\newline
|
||||
\textit{rnpt-\HHiero sb 24 \xHiero r \HHiero n(j)-m\AHiero \aHiero t-r\aHiero}
|
||||
\parencite[p. 22]{scotthiero}
|
||||
\end{quote}
|
||||
|
||||
\begin{hieroglyph}{\leavevmode \cartouche{\Cadrat{\CadratLineI{\Aca GN/36/}\CadratLine{\Aca GN/66/}}\HinterSignsSpace
|
||||
\Cadrat{\CadratLineI{\Aca GU/36/}\CadratLine{\Aca GD/69/}\CadratLine{\Aca GX/32/}}}%
|
||||
}\end{hieroglyph} is the Prænomen of the Pharaoh Amenemhet III. (for more information on the names of the king, please read the chapter “The Pharaoh’s Names, his Titles and Honorific Transposition” on page ENTER PAGE HERE).
|
||||
|
||||
\chapter*{Not writing sounds}
|
||||
\markboth{Not writing sounds}{Not writing sounds}
|
||||
\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{Not writing sounds}
|
||||
It occurs rather frequently that the Egyptians only partly wrote a word. Let us, for instance, take another look at the first part of the inscription on page \pageref{fig:2}: \begin{hieroglyph}{\leavevmode \loneSign{\Aca GX/40/}\HinterSignsSpace
|
||||
\Cadrat{\CadratLineI{\Aca GX/32/}\CadratLine{\Aca GR/35/}}\HinterSignsSpace
|
||||
\loneSign{\Aca GM/54/}}\end{hieroglyph}. This is transcribed as \textit{ḥtp-ḏj-nswt}; yet, only \textit{ḥtp-ḏj-swt} is what is actually written down. There are several reasons for doing this. Adding another phonetic symbol — in this case an \textit{n} — may result in a rather unwieldy-looking word\footnote{Here is an example of what that would look like \begin{hieroglyph}{\leavevmode \loneSign{\Aca GX/40/}\HinterSignsSpace
|
||||
\loneSign{\Aca GR/35/}\HinterSignsSpace
|
||||
\Cadrat{\CadratLineI{\Aca GX/32/}\CadratLine{\Aca GN/66/}}\HinterSignsSpace
|
||||
\loneSign{\Aca GM/54/}}\end{hieroglyph}} — something to be avoided, since the Egyptians placed a lot of value on structuring a text in a pleasing manner.
|
||||
|
||||
Therefore, simply leaving out one or two phonetic symbols is not a big deal, especially considering that, with the help of determinatives, understanding a word without all its phonetic components written out is not too difficult; this is especially true for commonly used formulæ such as this. The other parts of this formula — \textit{ḥtp and ḏj} — are also not written completely.
|
||||
|
||||
\part*{The Pharaoh’s Names, his Titles and Honorific Transposition}
|
||||
\markboth{The Pharaoh’s Names, his Titles and Honorific Transposition}{The Pharaoh’s Names, his Titles and Honorific Transposition}
|
||||
\addcontentsline{toc}{part}{The Pharaoh’s Names, his Titles and Honorific Transposition}
|
||||
|
||||
Now that we have covered the fundamentals of hieroglyphic writing, we have gained the ability to read the names of a lot of Pharaohs — just as Champollion did. Unlike him, however, we already have a good basic understanding of hieroglyphic writing and reading a few names should thus be less difficult for us than it was for him. Before we start our attempt at transliterating a few names, however, we should first be aware of a few of the quirks regarding Ancient Egyptian names — especially those of the king.
|
||||
|
||||
Let us begin by mentioning that every single one of the Egyptian names — be they royal or civil — have a meaning; I am pointing this out since many people nowadays, especially those living in the West, are unaware of the meanings of their name or are simply oblivious of the fact that their name having a meaning to begin with. The most common practice in Ancient Egypt was to take the name of a god — such as that of the god Amun (i) — and pre- or append other words or expressions. Naming people after gods is actually not a foreign practice in the modern world either. If you, for instance, look at the names of many Indians, you will find that a large number of them is named after a god; examples for this include names such as “Vishnu” or “Ganesh(a)” — and the Egyptians did likewise.
|
||||
|
||||
Let us once more take a brief look at the name of Tutankhamun: (jmn-twt-ꜥnḫ ḥqꜣ-jwnw-šmꜥ). As you may have already realised, his name also includes the name of a deity, namely Amun; the entirety of his name thus, with all added expressions included, literally translates as “Living image of Amun1”. Something you may not have realised, however, is the fact we say his name as Tutankhamun even though it is actually spelt as “Amuntutankh”. The reason behind doing this is as follow: if a phrase or expression (or name) features the name of a god or that of a king — or simply the words for “god” () or “king” () themselves —, then said royal or divine name is positioned at the beginning of the phrase or expression, regardless of whether placing it there is actually grammatically correct. Thus, if you were to read Tutankhamun’s name the way it was actually written — Amuntutankh — it would have a rather odd-sounding translation. We can therefore assume that it must have been pronounced as Tutankhamun. The practice of placing the name of a divine being or that of a king — or simply the words for “god” and “king” themselves — at the beginning of an expression, regardless of whether this would be grammatically correct, is known as “honorific transposition”. This is done in order to show reverence, i.e. to show proper respect towards
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
%%% APPENDIX %%%
|
||||
\part*{Appendix}
|
||||
\markboth{Appendix}{Appendix}
|
||||
\addcontentsline{toc}{part}{Appendix}
|
||||
|
||||
\chapter*{List of bilateral hieroglyphs}
|
||||
\markboth{List of bilateral hieroglyphs}{List of bilateral hieroglyphs}
|
||||
\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{List of bilateral hieroglyphs}
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -27,10 +27,16 @@
|
|||
\defcounter {refsection}{0}\relax
|
||||
\contentsline {chapter}{Numbers and dates}{32}%
|
||||
\defcounter {refsection}{0}\relax
|
||||
\contentsline {chapter}{List of bilateral hieroglyphs}{36}%
|
||||
\contentsline {chapter}{Not writing sounds}{36}%
|
||||
\defcounter {refsection}{0}\relax
|
||||
\contentsline {chapter}{List of trilateral hieroglyphs}{37}%
|
||||
\contentsline {part}{The Pharaoh’s Names, his Titles and Honorific Transposition}{38}%
|
||||
\defcounter {refsection}{0}\relax
|
||||
\contentsline {chapter}{Solutions to exercises}{38}%
|
||||
\contentsline {part}{Appendix}{41}%
|
||||
\defcounter {refsection}{0}\relax
|
||||
\contentsline {part}{Bibliography}{39}%
|
||||
\contentsline {chapter}{List of bilateral hieroglyphs}{41}%
|
||||
\defcounter {refsection}{0}\relax
|
||||
\contentsline {chapter}{List of trilateral hieroglyphs}{42}%
|
||||
\defcounter {refsection}{0}\relax
|
||||
\contentsline {chapter}{Solutions to exercises}{43}%
|
||||
\defcounter {refsection}{0}\relax
|
||||
\contentsline {part}{Bibliography}{44}%
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue